{"id":3284,"date":"2025-01-13T20:33:35","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T20:33:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/taskarnasaba.com.ng\/?p=3284"},"modified":"2025-01-13T20:56:10","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T20:56:10","slug":"gwanki-sha-bara-murtala-ramat-muhammed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/taskarnasaba.com\/?p=3284","title":{"rendered":"Gwanki Sha Bara: Murtala Ramat Muhammed"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tarihin Tsohon Shugaban Gwamnatin Mulkin Sojan Najeriya Marigayi Janar Murtala Ramat Muhammed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wane ne Janar Murtala? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murtala Ramat Muhammed\u00a0GCFR, wani Jami\u2019in Sojan Najeriya ne kuma Shugaban \u0198asa na hu\u0257u na Najeriya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya jagoranci Juyin Mulkin shekarar 1966 na Najeriya wajen kifar da Mulkin Soja na Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, kuma ya yi fice a lokacin Ya\u0199in Basasar Najeriya, sannan ya mulki Najeriya daga 29 ga Yulin 1975 har zuwa kashe shi a ranar 13 ga Fabrairun 1976. A tarihin Najeriya, tun daga nasarar Juyin Mulkin da Arewa ta yi har zuwa mutuwar Murtala, ana ala\u0199anta shi da kafa Sojoji a siyasar \u0198asar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahali<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mahaifin Murtala, Muhammed Riskuwa, \u0257an \u0199abilar Fulani tsatson Gezawa ne, wanda ke da ilimi a fannin sanin Fi\u0199ihu, kasancewar kakan mahaifinsa Suleman da kakan-kakan mahaifinsa sun kasance Al\u0199alai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mahaifinsa, ya kasance Babban Al\u0199ali a Masarautar Kano kuma ya ri\u0199e mu\u0199amin Babban Al\u0199alin Kano. Haka nan, ya yi aiki a \u0198aramar Hukumar Kano (NA), kuma ya na da ala\u0199a da Mal. Aminu Kano, da Inuwa Wada, da kuma Aminu Wali.\u00a0Ya rasu a shekara ta 1953. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mahaifiyarsa, Uwani Rahamatu, ta fito daga kabilar Kanuri da Fulani\u00a0Jo\u0253awa ne, \u01b4an \u0199abilar Jo\u0253awa sun ha\u0257a da; Gidan Sarautar Makaman\u00a0Kano\u00a0da\u00a0Abdullahi Aliyu Sumaila,\u00a0kakansa na wajen uwa Yakubu Soja (tsohon sojan da ya ga Ya\u0199in Duniya na \u0257aya) daga Dawakin Tofa ne yayin da kakarsa ta uwa. Hajiya Hauwau (Aya) ta fito daga Gezawa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ranar Haihuwa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

An haifi Janar Murtala Ramat Muhammed a Ranar 8 ga Watan Nuwamba, na shekara ta 1938 a Unguwar Kurawa a cikin Garin Kano da ke yankin Arewa maso Yammacin \u0198asar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Karatu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya yi karatu a Makarantar Elementary wadda ke cikin Masarauta. Daga nan sai ya wuce Makarantar Firamare ta Gidan Makama da ke Kano wadda ke wajen Fadar. Daga nan sai ya ta fi Makarantar Midil ta Kano (a yanzu\u00a0Rumfa College, Kano) a shekarar 1949, kafin ya halarci shahararriyar Kwalejin Gwamnati (Barewa College) da ke Zariya, Kaduna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Kwalejin Barewa, Muhammed \u0257an \u0199ungiyar Cadet ne kuma Kyaftin \u0257in harbi a shekararsa ta karshe.\u00a0 A shekarar 1957, ya samu takardar shaidar kammala makaranta sannan ya nemi shiga aikin Sojan Najeriya a \u0199arshen shekarar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aikin Soja<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bayan kammala Babbar Makaranta, ya shiga Aikin Soja, in da ya halarci Makantar Horas da Soji ta Birtaniya, Sandhurst. Kuma ya samu horo tare da \u0199warewa kan aike wa da Sa\u0199onni ta Soji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murtala, ya kuma halarci Makarantar Horas da Jami\u2019an Tsaro ta Musamman da ke Teshie a \u0198asar Ghana, inda Emeka Ojukwu (wanda ya yi ya\u0199i a lokacin Ya\u0199in Basasa) ya na \u0257aya daga cikin malamansa kan dabarun Soja da Dokokin Soja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Janar Murtala, ya kasance \u0257aya daga cikin dakarun Najeriya da suka yi aikin kiyaye zaman lafiya a \u0198asar Kwango, wadda yanzu ake kira Jamhuriyar Dimokara\u0257iyar Kwango (DCR) kuma akwai Sojojin Najeriya masu yawa da suka yi wannan aiki a farkon shekarun 1960s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A shekarar 1963, ya zama Hafsa mai kula da Runduna ta farko ta siginal da ke Kaduna, Najeriya. Haka nan, a wannan shekarar ya wuce zuwa Royal Corps of Signals da ke Catterrick Garrison, Ingila don kwas kan fasahar sadarwa. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bayan dawowarsa Najeriya a 1964, ya samu \u0199arin girma zuwa Manjo kuma aka na\u0257a shi Jami\u2019in Kwamandan Rundunar, 1st Signal Squadron a Apapa, Legas. A watan Nuwamba 1965, an na\u0257a shi Shugaban siginar Soja na ri\u0199o, yayin da kawun mahaifinsa, Inuwa Wada aka na\u0257a shi Ministan Tsaro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siyasa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lamuran Najeriya sun sauya a \u0253angaren Siyasa da Soji, bayan Juyin Mulkin Ranar 15 ga Watan Janairun shekarar 1966. Kuma sakamakon kisan da aka yi wa Firaminista Sir. Abubakar Tafawa \u0181alewa, da wasu \u01b4an Siyasa gami da wasu manyan Hafsoshin Soji musamman daga yankin Arewaci da kuma yankin Kudu maso Yammaci, hakan ya haifar da tsamin dangantaka cikin Rundunar Sojan \u0198asar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saboda sassauta halin da ake ciki, Shugaba Johnson Thomas Aguiyi-Ironsi, wanda ya ri\u0199e Madafun Iko ya na\u0257a Lt, Kanar Yakubu Gowon, wanda ya zama Hafsan Soja mafi girman mu\u0199ami daga Arewaci a matsayin Babban Hafsan Sojan \u0198asa, yayin da Murtala Mohammed yake ri\u0199e da mu\u0199amin Leutenant Kanar na wuncin-gadi a matsayin mai kula da aike wa da sa\u0199onni na Rundunar Soja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Juyin Mulkin 1966<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A daren ranar 29 ga Yulin 1966, Sojojin Arewa a Bariki Abeokuta\u00a0sun yi mubaya’a, wanda hakan ya haifar da Juyin Mulki, wanda wata\u0199ila ya kasance a cikin shirin ‘A Raba.’ Wani rukuni daga cikin Hafsoshi ta goyi bayan \u0253allewa don haka ta ba da sunan Juyin Mulkin ‘A Raba’ ma’ana; \u0253allewa.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saboda rashin gurfanar da Sojoji da suka jagoranci kifar da Gwamnatin Jamhuriya ta Farko a gaban Kotu. Wasu Hafsoshin Soji sun shirya wani Juyin Mulki \u0199ar\u0199ashin jagoranci Lt. Kanar Murtala Mohammed, da Major Theophilus Yakubu \u018aanjuma, da kuma Kyaftin Martin Adamu, gami da wasu Hafsoshin Soji mafi yawa daga yankin Arewaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sojojin sun kifar da Gwamnatin Janar Aguiyi Ironsi, a daren Ranar 29 ga watan Yuli, na shekarar 1966, kuma Janar Ironsi ya rasa ransa, lokacin da wasu Sojoji \u0199ar\u0199ashin jagoranci Major TY \u018aanjuma suka yi \u0199undunbala suka kutsa a Gidan Gwamnatin Lardin Yammaci da ke birnin Ibadan, inda suka cafke shugaban Gwamnatin Mulkin Sojan Janar Ironsi, da Gwamnan Jihar na wannan lokaci Lt, Kanar Adekunle Fajuyi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sai dai bayan nasarar Juyin Mulkin, wasu gungun fararen hula da suka ha\u0257a da; Al\u0199alin Al\u0199alai Adetokunbo Ademola, da Sule Katagum, Shugaban Ma’aikata Gwamnatin Tarayya da Musa Daggash, Babban Sakataren Tsaro, sun gamsar da masu yun\u0199urin Juyin Mulkin ciki har da Kanar Murtala Muhammed game da alfanun da \u0199ungiyar ke da shi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shekarar 1966, ta zama mai tasiri bisa Siyasa da zamantakewar \u0198asar, saboda abubuwa da suka faru na tarihi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bayan tattaunawa ta dogon lokaci daga \u0253angarorin Jami’an da suka ha\u0257a da Jami’an Diflomasiyyar \u0198asashen Amurka, da Birtaniya, an amince da na\u0257a Lt, Kanar Yakubu Gowon a matsayin Shugaban Gwamnatin Mulki Soja, wanda a lokacin ke zama Hafsan Soja mafi girman mu\u0199ami daga yankin Arewacin Najeriya. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuma; Murtala Mohammed ya taka mahimmaniyar rawa wajen tabbatar da tsayuwar Gwamnatin ta Gowon. Sannan ya sake taka mahimmaiyar rawa a yayin Ya\u0199in Basasar Najeriya da ya \u0253arke cikin shekarar 1967 wanda ya kawo \u0199arshe a tsakiyar Watan Junairu shekarar 1970. Daga bisani, Gwamnatin ta Gowon ta na\u0257a Murtala Mohammed wanda ya zama Brigadier; mu\u0199amin Ministan Sadarwa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u0199in Basasar Najeriya<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A farkon Ya\u0199in Basasar Najeriya, Murtala shi ne kwamandan runduna ta biyu da aka kafa; Runduna ta biyu ita ce ta yi nasarar fatattakar Sojojin Biafra daga yankin Tsakiyar Yamma, da kuma ratsa Kogin Neja tare da ha\u0257ewa da runduna ta \u0257aya da ta taso daga Nsukka da Enugu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sai dai kuma an cimma hakan ne bayan da wasu mashigar Kogin suka gaza, inda dubban sojoji suka mutu sakamakon nutsewa ko kuma harin mahara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A wani hannu kuma, a lokacin da yake matsayin kwamanda, an zargi Murtala da hannu a cikin wasu laifuka da suka sa\u0253a wa \u0199a’ida; Laftanar Ishola Williams, wani Jami\u2019in da ya yi aiki a \u0199ar\u0199ashin Murtala ya yi zargin cewa, shi ne ya bayar da umarnin kashe fursunonin Ya\u0199in Biafra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murtala, ya na kan mu\u0199amin lokacin da Juyin Mulkin Ranar 29 ga Watan Yulin shekarar 1975 ya kawo shi kan Madafun Iko, Juyin Mulkin da ya yi awon gaba da Gwamnatin Janar Yakubu Gowon, lokacin da Gowon ke halartar Taron \u0198ungiyar Ha\u0257in kan \u0198asashen Afirka a birnin Kampala na \u0198asar Uganda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gwamnatin 1975<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gwamnatin Janar Murtala Mohammed, ta \u0257auki matakai daban-daban, abin da ya sa har yau yake cikin shugabannin da ke zu\u0199atan \u01b4an Najeriya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A karshen shekarar 1975, gwamnatin ta aiwatar da shirin tsaftar ma\u2019aikatan gwamnati a Najeriya. (Ya\u0199i da Rashin \u018aa’a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sai dai saboda tsantsar aikin tsaftace ma’aikata da aka yi, an kori shugabannin ma\u2019aikatu da ma’aikatan Gwamnati saboda rashin cancanta, shekarau, da zargin cin hanci da rashawa, kamar yadda Gwamnatin ta bayyana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abu mafi tunawa shi ne; Sama da ma\u2019aikatan Gwamnati 10,000 ne aka kora, dalilan da aka bayyana su ne, shekaru, lafiya, rashin \u0199warewar aiki, ko rashin girmama zuwa aiki akan lokaci. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Korar jami\u2019an gwamnati mai yawan gaske ya shafi ma\u2019aikatan gwamnati, \u0253angaren Shari\u2019a, \u01b3an sanda da Sojoji, Jami\u2019an Diflomasiyya, hukumomin gwamnati, da Malaman Jami\u2019a. An kuma yi wa wasu \u01b4an kalilan shari\u2019a kan zargin cin hanci da rashawa, kuma an kashe wani Tsohon Gwamna a lokacin mulkin soji bisa laifin rashin \u0257a\u2019a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amma Gwamnatin ta Janar Murtala, ta kawo \u0199arshe cikin Watanni shida, sakamakon kisan gillar da aka yi masa Ranar 13 ga Watan Fabrairun 1976, lokacin da Lt, Kanar Buka Suka Dimka, ya harbe shi, yayin wani yun\u0199urin Juyin Mulki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Motar da aka kashe Janar Murtala Ramat Mohammed, \u0199irar Mercedes Benz, a hanyarsa ta zuwa Ofis, a Ranar 13 ga watan Janairun 1976. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Wannan Juyin Mulki bai yi nasara ba, kuma kwana \u0257aya bayan mutuwar Marigayi Janar Murtala, an na\u0257a Lt Janar Olusegun Obasanjo, a matsayin Shugaban \u0198asa, kuma kafin lokacin shi ke zama Babban Hafsa mai kula da sha’anin Mulki a Fadar Shugaban \u0198asa, kuma mataimakin Shugaban \u0198asar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marigayi Janar Murtala, bayan rasuwarsa, Naira Bakwai da Kobo 20 ya mallaka a Asusun Ajiya na Banki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Naira 20 ne kawai takardar ku\u0257i da aka sanya hoton wani Soja a tarihin Najeriya, har zuwa yau 2025.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayyuka<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A matsayinsa na Shugaban \u0198asa, Janar Murtala ya gabatar da shirin gina sabon Babban Birnin Tarayya saboda cunkoson Legas. Ya kafa wani kwamiti \u0199ar\u0199ashin jagorancin Justice Akinola Aguda, wanda ya za\u0253i yankin Abuja a matsayin sabon Babban Birnin Tarayya. A ranar 3 ga Fabrairun 1976, Murtala ya ba da sanarwar cewa, Babban Birnin Tarayya za ta koma wani yanki na Tarayya mai fa\u0257in murabba’in kilomita 8,000 a tsakiyar \u0198asar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sannan, ya \u0199ir\u0199iro \u0199arin wasu Jihohi guda bakwai a 1976, wadda suka ha\u0257a da; Bauchi, da, Borno, da Benue, da Imo, da Niger, da, Ogun, da kuma Ondo. Wannan ya kawo jimillar jihohin Najeriya zuwa 19 a shekarar 1976. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haka nan, kamar yadda ya tsara; Sojoji sun mi\u0199a Mulki wa Jamhuriya ta Biyu a Ranar \u018aaya ga Watan Oktobar 1979, inda Alh. Shehu Aliyu Shagari ya kar\u0253i Madafun Iko bayan lashe za\u0253en da aka gudanar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kamar yadda Janar Murtala, ya gaji \u0257imbin albarkatun \u0198asa da Man Fetur da kuma yawan Iskar Gas da ba a iya amfani da su ba. A cikin 1975, Murtala ya riski raguwar ku\u0257a\u0257en shiga saboda \u0199arancin yawan Man Fetur; Wannan ya na nufin cewa, Gwamnatin Soja ba ta da ku\u0257a\u0257en da aka yi hasashen za su iya cimma shirin ‘Ci Gaban Najeriya na shekarar 1975.’<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rugujewar man fetur a shekarar 1975 ya faru ne sakamakon fa\u0257uwar Man ya yi a Duniya, da kuma tsadar kayayyakin da ake aiki da tsadar biyan ma’aikata aiki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lambobin Yabo<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Janar Murtala Mohammed, ya samu kyaututtuka da dama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n