An kashe Ayatollah Ali Khamenei a harin ranar farko (1/02/25) da Amurka da Isra’ila suka kai Iran, kamar yadda shugaba Donald Trump ya sanar.

Mutuwar jagoran mai shekaru 86, wanda ya yi shugabanci sama da shekaru 30, ta kawo ƙarshen wani dogon zamani a tarihin Jamhuriyar Musulunci ta Iran tun bayan Juyin-Juya-Hali na 1979.

Iran ta taɓa samun jagororin Addini biyu ne kawai tun daga 1979: Ruhollah Khomeini da kuma wanda ya gaje shi, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

Jagoran Addini shi ne mafi iko a ƙasar — Kwamandan Sojoji, mai ikon naɗa manyan jami’ai, Alƙalai, shugabannin kafafen yaɗa labarai, kuma ya na da ikon katsalandan kan duk wani matakin Gwamnati.

Matasa da dama a Iran ba su san wata rayuwa ba tare da shi ba. Hotunansa na ko’ina, jawabansa na yawan fitowa kai-tsaye a Talabijin, kuma manufofinsa sun tsara siyasar ƙasar tsawon shekaru.

Mutuwarsa ta buɗe sabon babi mai cike da tambayoyi ga Iran da yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya gaba ɗaya.

                Asali da Haihuwa

An haifi Ali Khamenei a birnin Mashhad da ke Arewa Maso Gabashin Iran a shekara ta 1939.

Ya kasance na biyu cikin ƴaƴa takwas a iyali masu riƙo da Addinin Islama; mahaifinsa Malami ne a rukunin mabiya ɗariƙar Shi’a.

Khamenei ya na yawan tuna ƙuruciyarsa cikin “Talauci da tsoron Allah,” ya na cewa, ya sha zama bai ci komai ba sai Biredi da busasshen Inabi.

Ya haddace Al-Kur’ani ya na da shekaru 11. Duk da kasancewarsa mai bayar da Fatawa, yawancin tasirinsa ya fi karkata a fagen Siyasa fiye da koyarwa.

Gwani ne wajen gabatar da jawabi; ya shiga sahun masu adawa da Sarkin Iran (Shah) wanda aka hamɓarar a Juyin-Juya-Hali.

Ya kwashe shekaru a kurkuku, jami’an leƙen asirin Shah na Iran sun kama shi har sau shida, in da aka ɗanɗana masa azaba tare da hana shi yawo.

Gwagwarmaya a Zamanin Shah

Khamenei ya shiga sahun masu adawa da mulkin Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, musamman kan tsarin “White Revolution” wanda ya kawo sauye-sauye a tattalin arziƙi, siyasa da zamantakewar al’umma.

Tsarin ya ci karo da addini da al’adun al’umma, ya janyo rigima da malamai da sauran al’ummar ƙasa.

Khamenei ya zama jagora mai karɓuwa ga talakawa, ɗalibai da malamai masu kishin addini.

     Bayan Juyin-Juya-Hali

Bayan nasarar Juyin-Juya-Hali na 1979, Ruhollah Khomeini ya naɗa shi Limamin Sallar Juma’a na Tehran. Huɗubobinsa na siyasa sun ƙara masa farin jini.

A lokacin rikicin Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka da aka yi garkuwa da jami’ai na kwanaki 444, jagororin Juyin-Juya-Hali ciki har da Khamenei sun goyi bayan matakin — wanda ya tsananta dangantaka da Amurka tare da raunana Gwamnatin shugaba Jimmy Carter.

              Yunƙurin Kashe Shi

A Yunin 1981, Bam ya fashe yayin da yake jawabi; ya jikkata sosai, hannunsa na dama ya daina aiki.

             Shugabancin Ƙasa

Bayan kashe shugaban ƙasa Mohammad-Ali Rajai, Khamenei ya tsaya takara kuma ya yi nasara da kashi 79% na ƙuri’u.

Yayin jawabin da ya gabatar bayan an rantsar da shi ya yi Allah wadai da rarrabuwar kai, ya soki koyi da tsarin mulkin ƙasashen yammacin Turai da masu tsattsauran ra’ayi Amurkawa.

                 Jagoran Yaƙi

Khamenei ya zama jagoran yaƙi a ofis.

A watannin farko shugaban Iraq Saddam Hussein ya yi fargabar dakarun Juyin-Juya-Hali na Khamenei za su ƙalubalanci gwamnatinsa.

An yi mummunar gwabzawa tsawon shekaru takwas, an kashe dubun dubatan mutane daga kowanne ɓangare,

Sojojin sun yi amfani da makami mai guba a ƙauyukan da ke kan iyaka da Iran sannan sun yiwa birane luguden wuta har da Tehran da makamai masu linzami.

A nata ɓangaren Iran, ta yi amfani da goyon bayan da ta ke da shi wajen mutane don karya ƙarfin Iraq. Ta yi amfani da Matasa wajen kai wa Iraq farmaki an kuma samu waɗanda suka jikkata da dama.

Yaƙin ya sa Khamenei rashin amincewa da Amurka da ƙasashen yamma waɗanda suka goyi bayan Saddam Hussein.

Khamenei ya yi watanni a filin daga, in da aka kashe kwamandoji da sojojin da ya sani, ya kuma ƙara tsananta adawar Iran da ƙasashen Yamma.

Zama Jagoran Addini (1989–2026)

Bayan rasuwar Ruhollah Khomeini a 1989, Majalisar Ƙwararru ta zaɓi Khamenei ya gaje shi.

A cikin shekaru sama da 30, ya ƙarfafa ikon jagoranci ta hanyar kusanci da dakarun IRGC da manyan malamai.

Masana irin su Karim Sadjadpour na Carnegie ‘Endowment for International Peace’ sun bayyana cewa, tsarin ikonsa ya dogara ne da haɗin kan malamai masu tsattsauran ra’ayi da manyan Sojoji.

              Tasirin IRGC

Khomeini ya kafa Rundunar Tsaron Juyin-Juya-Halin Musulunci (IRGC) a shekarar 1979 domin kare manufofi da nasarorin Juyin-Juya-Hali, da kuma kare tsarin Wilayat al-Faqih.

IRGC ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a Yaƙin Iran da Iraq (1980–1988), in da Khomeini ya ƙarfafa al’umma da juriya.

Karɓuwarsa a Wajen Al’umma

Khamenei ya ƙara samun karɓuwa sosai a wajen al’umma saboda kishin addini, hangen nesa da ƙwarewarsa wajen jagoranci.

Magoya bayansa sun haɗa daga ɓangarori daban-daban — talakawa, ɗalibai, malamai da matsakaitan ƴan kasuwa.

         Tasirinsa a Ƙarni na 21

A ƙarni na 21, Khamenei ya zama ɗaya daga cikin jagororin da suka fi tasiri a Gabas ta Tsakiya.

    Faɗaɗa Tasirin Iran a Yanki

A ƙarƙashin jagorancinsa, Iran ta ƙara tasiri a Lebanon, Syria, Iraq da Yemen ta hanyar goyon bayan ƙungiyoyi da gwamnatoci masu alaƙa da ita. Bayan rushewar gwamnatin Saddam Hussein a 2003, Iran ta ƙara ƙarfafa matsayinta a Iraq.

               Rikici da Amurka

Bayan harin 11 ga Satumba 2001, George W. Bush ya sanya Iran tare da Iraq da Koriya ta Arewa a cikin “Axis of Evil.”

                 Shirin Nukiliya

Khamenei ya ayyana Makaman Nukiliya a matsayin haramun ne a addini, amma ya tsaya tsayin daka kan haƙƙin Iran na inganta sinadarin uranium. Wannan ya kasance tushen taƙaddama da ƙasashen Yamma.

Iran ta yi amfani da Hezbollah – ƙungiyar mayaƙa Ƴan shi’a a Lebanon – yayin rikici da Isra’ila.

Duk da sanyawa al’umma kirarin nan na “Mutuwa ga Amurka,” ya zaɓi ba ruwansa kuma ba ya tsokanar Washington.

Babban abinda ke haifar da tsashin hankli tsakaninsu shi ne batun Makaman Nukiliya.

Amma a ƙarƙashin mulkinsa Isra’ila da ƙasashen Yamma sun amince cewar Iran na ƙara ƙarfin Makaman Nukiliya.

Khamenei, bai ƙi yarjejeniyar Makaman Nukiliya da aka cimma a shekara ta 2015 ba, wadda ta taƙaita shirin makaman nukiliyar Iran don a rage takunkumi, amma ya yi shakkar cewa Amurka za ta janye takunkumi na tsawon lokaci.

A baya-bayan nan, yarjejeniyar Nukiliya ta 2015 ta kawo sassauci na ɗan lokaci, amma janyewar Donald Trump daga yarjejeniyar a 2018 ya sake dagula al’amura.

          Ƙalubalen Cikin Gida

Takunkunin da ƙasashe suka sanya ya taimaka wajen talauta ƙasar wadda a baya take babbar mai fidda Mai – rashin aikin yi ya haifar da ƴan adawa masu yawa.

Mulkinsa ya fuskanci zanga-zangar 2009, 2019 da kuma bayan mutuwar Mahsa Amini a 2022.

Har ila yau, takunkumi da matsin tattalin arziƙi sun ƙara ƙalubale ga al’umma.

Karkata Zuwa Gabas

A shekarun baya-bayan nan, ya ƙarfafa alaƙa da Rasha da Sin, yana rage dogaro da ƙasashen Yamma.

A taƙaice, tasirinsa a ƙarni na 21 ya kasance mai fuska biyu:

• A waje — ƙara ƙarfin Iran a yankin.
• A gida — ƙalubalen tattalin arziƙi da zanga-zanga.

                   Iyali da Rayuwa

Khamenei bai cika fita ƙasashen waje ba. Rahotanni sun ce, ya na rayuwa cikin matsakaicin yanayi a Tehran.

Shi da matarsa, Mansoureh Khojasteh Baqerzadeh, suna da yara shida — maza huɗu da mata biyu.

Ƴayansa mata biyu su ne Bushra da Hoda; Bushra ta auri Mohammad-Javad Mohammadi Golpayegani, ɗan shugaban ma’aikatan ofishin Khomeini, yayin da Hoda ta auri Mesbah al-Hoda Bagheri Kani, malami kuma ɗan kasuwa.

Haka nan, daga cikin ƴaƴansa, Mojtaba Khamenei shi ne wanda aka fi ambata a siyasa.

Rikicin Ƙarshe da Mutuwarsa

A 2025–2026, rikici ya ƙara tsananta tsakanin Iran da Isra’ila da Amurka kan batun makaman Nukiliya.

Bayan luguden wuta da hare-hare kan cibiyoyin Nukiliya, Khamenei ya rantse ba zai miƙa wuya ba. A ƙarshe, harin 1/02/25 da Amurka da Isra’ila suka kai ya zama wanda aka sanar da mutuwarsa.

Bayan Mutuwarsa: Sauyin Mulki

Bayan sanar da mutuwarsa, an sanar da Alireza Aarifa a matsayin shugaban riƙon ƙwarya domin tafiyar da harkokin jagoranci har zuwa lokacin da Majalisar Ƙwararru za ta zaɓi sabon Jagoran Addini na dindindin.

Wannan sauyi ya zo ne a daidai lokacin da Iran ke cikin matsin tattalin arziƙi da rikicin waje.

                      Kammalawa

Tsawon shekaru sama da talatin, Ali Khamenei ya zama ginshiƙin tsarin siyasar Iran.

Mutuwarsa ta buɗe sabon babi mai cike da tambayoyi:

• Wa zai gaje shi?
• Shin Iran za ta sauya salo ko za ta ci gaba da tafiya a kan tsarin da ya shimfiɗa?
• Kuma ya ya makomar dangantakarta da Amurka da Isra’ila za ta kasance?