Matsalar Yahudawa da dangantakarsu da yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya lamarin ne mai daɗaɗɗen tarihi.

Tun kafin haihuwar Annabi Musa (A.S), a zamanin Annabi Ibrahim (A.S), wannan yanki na Palasɗinu, Iraƙi, Siriya da Misra ya kasance Cibiya ta zamantakewa da addini a Duniya baki ɗaya.

Annabi Ibrahim (A.S) ya na da ƴaƴa biyu masu tasiri a tarihin addinai: Annabi Ishaq (A.S) da Annabi Isma’il (A.S). Yahudawa su na ganin kansu a matsayin zuriyar Ishaq (A.S), yayin da Larabawa – ciki har da yawancin Palasɗinawa – suke danganta kansu da Isma’il (A.S), wanda hakan ya ƙara haifar da rikitarwa a tarihin yankin tun ƙarni da suka gabata.

Rayuwa a Yankin Kafin Mulkin Mallaka

Tsawon ƙarni, wannan yanki ya riƙa sauyawa ƙarƙashin Dauloli daban-daban – kamar Daular Romawa, Byzantium, har zuwa Daular Usmaniyya wadda ta mamaye yankin na tsawon ƙarni kafin rushewarta a 1918.

Tun a wannan lokacin ne aka fara ganin bambancin ƙabilanci da addini musamman tsakanin Larabawa Musulmai da kuma Yahudawa.

Yaƙin Duniya na Ɗaya da Tasirin Mulkin Mallaka

Bayan Yaƙin Duniya I, Birtaniya ta samu iko da yankin sannan ta yi rubutacciyar alkawari a 1917 wanda aka sani da ‘Balfour Declaration,’ in da ta nuna goyon baya ga kafa “Gidan ƙasa” na Yahudawa a Palasɗinu. Wannan ya buɗe ƙofar ƙarin matsin lamba daga ƙasashen Turai ga komawar Yahudawa zuwa wannan yanki.

Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da Tsagawar Yankin (UN Partition Plan)

A 1947, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta gabatar da tsarin raba Palasɗinu zuwa ƙasa biyu: kashi 55% ga Yahudawa da kashi 45% ga Larabawa, tare da ƙudurin cewa, birnin Jerusalem zai kasance ƙarƙashin kulawar Duniya.

Yahudawa sun amince da tsarin, amma Palasɗinawa da kasashen Larabawa sun ƙi saboda sun yi imanin an zalunce su ta hanyar rabuwa da ƙasarsu.

Yankin Isra’ila da Yaƙin 1948

A 14 ga Mayu 1948, an ayyana kafa ƙasar Isra’ila. Wannan ya haifar da yaƙin farko tsakanin Isra’ila da ƙasashen Larabawa (Lebanon, Masar, Siriya, Jordan da Iraƙi).

Isra’ila ta yi nasara, yayin da dubban Palasɗinawa suka zama ƴan gudun hijira — abin da ake kira ‘Naƙba’ (babban bala’i).

Yaƙin 1967 da Ƙarin Mamaya

A lokacin “Six-Day War” (1967), Isra’ila ta ƙwace West Bank, Gaza Strip, Gabashin Ƙudus da sauran yankuna. Wannan ya ƙara tsananta rikicin, in da Palasɗinawa suka ji cewar an ƙara rage musu fili da damar samun Ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta.

Intifada da Gwajin Ƙarfi

• Intifada ta farko (1987–1993): Farar hula Palasɗinawa sun fara tawayen lumana don nuna adawa ga mamaya.
• Intifada ta biyu (2000–2005): Ta fi tsanani tare da samun hare-hare da Sojoji suka yi da juna, in da Duniya ta ƙara fahimtar zurfin rikicin da zamantakewar talauci da tashin hankali ke jawo.

Yarjejeniyar Oslo da Hukumar Palasɗinu

A 1993 an cimma Oslo Accords wanda ya ba da dama ga Palasɗinu ta kafa Hukumar Palasɗinu (Palestinian Authority) domin gudanar da wasu yankuna na West Bank da Gaza. Sai dai batutuwan ƙalubale kamar Ƙudus, iyakoki, ƴan gudun hijira da matsugunan Yahudawa (settlements) sun ci gaba da kasancewa manyan matsaloli.

Matsayin Ƙasashen Larabawa

Kasashen Larabawa sun daɗe su na goyon bayan Palasɗinawa wajen neman Ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta.

Masar da Jordan sun yi yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da Isra’ila, amma yawancin ƙasashen Larabawa har yanzu su na ƙalubalantar mamayar Isra’ila da kuma neman kare martabar Palasɗinawa. A taron Arab League, sun na mai cewa, yakamata a samar da Ƙasa biyu bisa adalci.

A gefe guda kuma, Iran na goyon bayan ƙungiyoyin da ke adawa da Isra’ila, ciki har da Hamas da Hezbollah. Wannan ya sa rikicin ya zama ba wai na yankin kaɗai ba, har ma ya zama na siyasar Duniya.

Iran da Ƙungiyoyin da Ke Tare Da Su

Iran ta kasance mai goyon bayan ƙungiyoyin Palasɗinawa masu adawa da Isra’ila, kamar Hamas da Hezbollah, tare da ba su tallafi na kuɗi da makamai.

Wannan goyon bayan ya haifar da tsananin taƙaddama tsakanin Iran da Isra’ila kuma ya sanya rikicin ya zama na siyasar Ƙasa da Ƙasa (Regional Proxy Conflict).

A baya, yawancin ƙasashen Larabawa sun kasance gaba ɗaya kan goyon bayan Palasɗinu. Amma a shekarun baya-bayan nan, wasu daga cikinsu sun fara kulla hulɗa da Isra’ila domin muradun siyasa da tattalin arziƙi.

Ƙasashen Yamma (Amurka da Turai)

• Amurka ita ce babban abokiyar Isra’ila, ta na ba ta tallafi na Soji da Diflomasiyya tun daga shekarun 1970s, kuma ta na muradin ganin tsaro ga Isra’ila a matsayin abokiyar tattalin arziƙi da tsaro a Gabas ta Tsakiya.
• A baya, Yammacin Turai ƙila ta fi nuna tsaka-tsaki ko goyon bayan sulhu, amma akwai bambance-bambance a cikin ƙungiyoyin EU, in da wasu Ƙasashe suka fara gane Palasɗinu a matsayin Ƙasa mai cin gashi.
• A 2025, Ƙasashe kamar Birtaniya, Kanada da Ostareliya sun amince da Palasɗinu a matsayin Ƙasa, su na barin matsayi na tsohon goyon baya ga Isra’ila daga Amurka.

Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da Manufofin Zaman Lafiya

Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta yawaita ƙudura kan zaman lafiya tare da goyon bayan tsarin “Ƙasa biyu” (two-state solution), wanda Ƙasashen Duniya da dama ke ganin zai warware rikicin ta hanyar kafa ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta ga Palasɗinu tare da Isra’ila a matsayin Ƙasa daban.

Wannan ra’ayi ya samu goyon baya daga wasu Ƙasashen Turai da Larabawa, amma rashin amincewa daga ɓangarorin biyu ya naɗe shi ƙalubale.

Halin da Ake Ciki (2026)

Tun daga kafuwar Isra’ila a 1948 har zuwa yau (2026), an sha yaƙe-yaƙe, tattaunawa, yarjejeniyoyi da ƙudurori na Ƙasa da Ƙasa.

Duk da ƙoƙarin ƙasashen Duniya kamar su; Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya da wasu ƙungiyoyin zaman lafiya, har yanzu ba a samu cikakken sulhu ba. Babban buri na Palasɗinawa shi ne, samun Ƙasa mai cin gashin kanta tare da yancinsu na komawa gida, yayin da Isra’ila ke mai da hankali kan tsaro da amincin iyakokinta.

                       Madogara

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