Wukari, kamar yadda aka fi kiranta, ita ce Hedikwatar Masarautar Wukari. Asalin sunanta shi ne ‘Ukari,’ wacce kuma kalma ce ta Jukunanci, wacce ke da ma’anar; ‘Ka fifita’ (you have surpassed).
Masarauta ce da aka kafa ta a shekarar 1596 bayan rushewar Daular Kwararrafa.
TUSHE
Bayan rushewar Daular Kwararrafa wacce ke da Hedikwata a Api, sai Jukunawa waɗanda suke tun asali su ne ke shugabanta waccar Daula ta Kwararrafa suka matsa gaba zuwa wannan bigire, suka kafa garin da a yanzu ake kira Wukari.
Ita kuwa wannan kalma ta Wukari, asalinta shi ne Ukari, wacce kuma kalma ce ta Jukunanci mai ma’ana ta, ‘ka fifita’ (you have surpassed).
Sarkin Jukunawa na 40, Aku Uka Katakpa, shi ne ya jagoranci wannan ƙaura a cikin shekarar 1596 (Adamu, 2016; Oleyede, 1996). Dukkan wanda ke shugabantar wannan Masarauta, shi ake kira ‘Aku Uka,’ kalmomin da ke da ma’ana ta ‘Sarkin da ya fifici kowane Sarki a Duniya’; wato sarkin da ya fi kowane Sarki a Duniya (Adamu, 2016).
Wannan gari shi ne ya zamo tubulin canjin tarihin Jukunawa, ya kuma zama sabuwar Hedikwatar Daular Jukunawa zalla, a maimakon Daular haɗaka ta Kwararrafa da Jukunawa suka shugabanta wacce ke ƙunshe da mabambantan yaruka.
KWARARRAFA
Kwararrafa, wata tsohuwar Daula ce da rukunin ƙabilun da ake kira Ƙawancen-Kwa (Kwa-Group) suka kafa ta a yankin Arewacin Kogin Binuwai. Daula ce da wasu masana tarihi suke ganin an kafa ta a cikin ƙarni na 14. Ta kuma yi sharafinta daga wannan ƙarni har zuwa cikin ƙarni na 17 (Dinslage da Leger, 1996). Haka nan, Okpeh da Ochefu (babu lokacin bugu) sun ambata cewa, tarihi ya tabbatar da samuwar wata Daula mai suna ‘Kwararrafa‘ a Arewa da Kogin Binuwai. Wannan Daula ta haɗaka tsakanin waɗannan ƙabilu masu asali guda, Jukunawa ne suka shugabance ta.
Jukunawa su na gaisar da sarkinsu cikin girmamawa.
ASALI
Rubuce-rubuce masu tarin yawa, kamar irin su Dr. Dawuda (2011), Mac-Leva (2009), Okunna, Emman, Gausa, da Solomon, (2014), Ujorha (2012), Dinslage da Leger (1996), sun ruwaito cewa, yarurrukan da suka kafa wannan daular ƙawance ta Kwararrafa daga Gabas suka fito tare da ayyana Yamen a matsayin tushen su.
YARURRUKA
Yarurrukan da suka haɗu suka kafa wannan Daula ta haɗaka su na da tarin yawa, amma kaɗan daga cikin su sun haɗa da: Jukun, Igala, Ibira, Idoma, Alago (Boumo, 2011; Onawo, 2016), Boumo (2011) ya ƙara da Nupe, Mada, Kantana, Rindre, Eggon, Bassa Nge da Bassa Komo. Onawo (2016), ya ƙara da Goemi, Migili, Etulu, Iyala da Aros. Dinslage da Leger (1996), kuma suka zayyano Kwami, Kupto, Kushi, Piya, Bole, Bantu, Bole, Ngamo, Karekare, Kirfi, da Galembi. Andoma na Doma; wato Onawo (2016), ya ce, Jukunawa su ne shugabanni tare da Aku a matsayin jagoran addini.
YAƘUƘUWA
Mutanen Daular Kwararafa, mutane ne masu matuƙar jarumtaka wajen yaƙi, an ruwaito cewa, sun yi galaba a yaƙin da suka gwabza da manyan Masarautun Ƙasar Hausa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kano, Katsina, Dutse, Ningi, da kuma Zazzau (Wikipedia, 2016; Northern Nigerian Publishing Company, 1970; Sanusi, 2009).
Wannan magana, ana iya ƙarfafarta da sunayen wasu unguwanni guda biyu da ke cikin garuruwan Kano da Zariya. A garin Kano akwai wata unguwa mai suna “Yakasai,” wacce ruwayar kunne-ya-girmi-kaka ta shaida mana cewa, kalma ce da ke nufin “Za mu dawo ko muna dawowa” wacce ta fito daga bakin su Jukunawa a lokacin da suka ci Kano da yaƙi. Haka nan kuma akwai unguwa mai suna ‘Tudun Jukun” a cikin garin Zariya.
DURƘUSHEWA
Rikicin shugabanci (tattaunawa da sarkin Pindiga), gujewa hare-hare daga daular Barno ta wani gefen, da kuma mayaƙan Musulunci na Daular Shehu Usmanu Ɗanfodiyo daga wani gefen (David, 2013; Boumo, 2011), na daga cikin manyan dalilan da ya kawo ƙauracewar wasu yarurrukan daga wannan yankin suka ƙetara zuwa Kudu da Kogin na Binuwai.
TARIHIN JUKUNAWA
Jukun, kalma ce da ke nufin ‘Mutum’ a yaren Jukunanci (Okunna da Gausa, 2014), kuma, yare ne da wasu jama’a ke magana da shi.
Haka nan, dukkan wanda ya gaji wannan yare ya zama Bajukune, jama’unsu kuma, Jukunawa.
Sun kasance Mutane masu karɓar baƙi, son zaman lafiya, son jama’a, biyayya, fafutikar ƙwatar ƴanci, sannan kuma a lokaci guda jarumai a fagen yaƙi (Taraba Online, 2014). Su na yaƙi da duk nau’o’in danniya da zalunci.
Sun kafa Daular Kwararrafa tare da haɗin guiwar wasu ƙabilu da suka haɗa da; Igala, Ibira, Nupe da sauransu.
Kwararrafa, Daula ce da ta yi yaƙi da wasu daga cikin manyan Daulolin Ƙasar Hausa kamar irin su Kano, Katsina, Zazzau, da sauransu.
Daular da ta ruguje daga baya ta samar da sabuwar Daular Jukun Zalla da ke da Hedikwata a garin Wukarin Jihar Taraba.
ASALI
Jukunawa, sun shigo garuruwan baƙaƙe (Bilad Sudan) daga Gabas. A tattaunawar da muka yi da Mai Martaba Sarkin Pindiga, Alhaji Muhammad Seyoji Ahmad, a ranar 13/02/2017, ya shaida mana cewa, Jukunawa sun fito ne daga Yamen, suka shigo ta Ƙasar Sudan ta yau, in da suka yada zango a garin Kartum (Khartoum ta Sudan). Daga nan suka rankayo ta gefen Kogin Cadi, kama-kama har suka zo Dutsen Bima. Daga wannan Dutse na Bima ne suka rabu gida biyu; kashi ɗaya daga ciki suka kama hanyarsu tiryan-tiryan har zuwa Dutsen Binga, in da suka kafa wani Gari wanda a yau ake kiransa da sunan Yalwa. Nan suka zauna a kan wannan Dutse har zuwa lokacin da Sarkin Gombe Umaru Ƙwairanga ya ci su da yaƙi, abin da ya haifar da tarwatsewar su zuwa wasu sassa na wannan yanki har zuwa kusa da Kogin Biniwai a wani yanki da ake kira Pi, wanda daga baya ya zama Hedikwatar Daular Kwararrafa.
Dr. Dawuda (2011), da Mac-Leva (2009), sun ruwaito cewa, Jukunawa daga Yemen suka zo. Dr. Dawuda (2011) ya ƙara da cewa Jukanawa asalinsu Yahudawa ne saboda zuwan Yahudawa Najeriya har Garin Wukari, don gudanar da bincike kan ɓaraguzan kayan yaƙi da suke da alaƙa da su. Sannan kuma ya jaddada cewar, su Jukunawa su na da wani salon rubutun da yake kama da Hibiranci (Yaren Yahudu).
Amma (Okunna, Emman, Gausa, da Solomon, 2014; Ujorha, 2012), sun haɗu a kan cewa, asalin Jukunawa daga Ƙasar Misira (Egypt) suke. In da a Ujorha (2012), aka nuna cewa, akwai kamanceceniyar Al’adu da Addini da Jukanawan Kona da mutanen tsohuwar Masar, duk da cewa takardar ta ruwaito Tsangayar Tarihi ta Kwalejin Gwamnatin Tarayya (Federal College of Education) da ke Jalingo ta danganta asalin nasu da Yamen.
Sai kuma ra’ayin Britannica (2010), da suka ambata cewa, Kwararrafa wata Daula ce mai ƙarfi daga Sudan. Wannan ra’ayi na Britannica (2010), ya samu ƙarin haske daga (Okunna, Emman, Gausa, da Solomon, 2014) cewa, sun taso ne daga Gabas ta Tsakiya (Middle East) zuwa Sudan ɗin.
Jukunawa a cikin shigar al’ada.
Saboda haka dai idan muka tattara waɗannan bayanai sai muga cewa, asalin Jukunawa daga Gabas ta Tsakiya ne, suka zo suka zauna a Sudan tun cikin ƙarni na huɗu, sannan suka shigo Ƙasar Baƙaƙe, in da suka fara yada zango a Kukawa, sannan suka koma Ngazargamu, sai kuma Dutsen Mandara, daga nan sai Mubi ta tsohuwar Jihar Gwangola wacce yanzu ta ke cikin Jihar Adamawan Najeriya, sai kuma garin Kilba, sai Kogin Hawal duk a Jihar Adamawa ta yau. Sai kuma suka zarce zuwa Shane, daga nan sai Pindiga, waɗanda su kuma a yau suke cikin Jihar Gombe. Daga nan sai Gwana ita kuma a Jihar Bauchi, in da daga ƙarshe suka yada zangonsu na ƙarshe a Garin Wukari wacce ta zama babban garinsu har zuwa yau ɗin nan (2025). Shi Garin Wukari yanzu ya na cikin Jihar Taraba, da ke Arewa maso Gabashin Najeriya.
RABE-RABEN JUKUNAWA
Gamgum (2015), ya kawo cewa, daga ƙarni na ashirin zuwa yau, Jukunawa sun rarrabu zuwa kashe-kashe kamar haka:
- Jukunawan Asali
Waɗannan su ne waɗanda ba su da wani yare in ban da Jukunanci; su ne dukkanin wani mutum wanda iyayensa da kakaninsa Jukunawa ne sannan kuma ba shi da wani yare sai Jukunanci.
- Jaukunawan Dole
Waɗannan su ne Jukunawan da su na da yarensu na asali wanda ba Jukunanci ba, amma saboda wasu dalilai suka saka su zama Jukunawa. Dolen da ake nufi a nan ta na iya zama; ta fuskacin yaƙi kamar Bayi da ake kamawa lokacin yaƙi ko kuma ƴan-ci-rani da ke zuwa cikin Jukunawa su zauna har wani lokaci mai tsawo da ka iya sakawa asalin nasu ya ɓace, saboda haka sai su zamo ba su da wani harshen-uwa sai Jukunanci.
- Ƙawayen Jukunawa
Waɗannan su ne mutanen da suke da wani gado ta fuskacin yare da al’adu da asali da Daula, kuma suka ci gaba da riƙe wanɗannan al’adu nasu, amma kuma akwai dangantaka ta ƙut-da-ƙut wacce ka iya zama ta zamantakewa, tattalin arziƙi, siyasa, addini, ko wani abu daban, wacce suka ƙulla don cimma wannan manufar tare. Iri waɗannan Jukunawa sun haɗa har da waɗanda suka yarda su bada Jiziya don kuɓuta daga hare-haren yaƙin abokan gaba na cikin ƙarni na goma sha huɗu. Misali, akwai waɗanda suka nemi tallafin Jukunawa don samun kariya daga hare-haren yaƙuƙuwan Kano, Katsina da Zazzau a cikin shekarun ƙarni na 14.
A tattaunawarmu da Alhaji Gambo Garba, Galadiman Pindiga a ranar 13/02/2017, ya shaida cewa, Jukunawan Asali sun karkasu zuwa:
- 1. Jukun Wukari
- 2. Jukun Pindiga
- 3. Jukun Kona
- 4. Jukun Kuteb
YAƘUƘUWA
Jukunawa wanda suka samo asali daga Kwararrafa, Mutane ne masu matuƙar jarumtaka wajen yaƙi, a binciken da muka gudanar, mun ci karo da cewa, Jukunawa sun yi galaba a yaƙin da suka gwabza da manyan Daulolin Ƙasar Hausa waɗanda suka haɗa da Kano, Katsina, da kuma Zazzau (Northern Nigerian Publishing Company, 1970; Wikipedia, 2016).
Wannan magana muna iya ƙarfafar ta daga sunayen wasu unguwanni guda biyu da ke cikin garuruwan Kano da Zariya. A garin Kano akwai wata Unguwa mai suna “Yakasai,” wacce ruwayar kunne-ya-girmi-kaka ta shaida mana cewar, kalma ce da ke nufin “Za mu dawo, ko muna dawowa,” wacce ta fito daga bakin su Jukunawa a lokacin da suka ci Kano da yaƙi. Haka nan kuma akwai Unguwa mai suna Tudun Jukun a cikin Garin Zariya, wacce ita ma Jukunawa suka kafa ta bayan sun ci Garin na Zazzau da yaƙi.
Sarki Ali Mai na Daular Borno, shi ne ya taka musu birki a lokacin da suka kai wa Ngazargamu harin yaƙi kamar yadda Wikipedia (2016), ta naƙalto a Kundin Tarihin Katsina (Katsina Chronicle).
Jukunawa, mutane ne jarumai, kuma masana salo-salon yaƙi. Su ne suka shugabancin Daular Gamayyar Mayaƙan Kwararrafa. Sun yi yaƙuƙuwan da ba za a iya ƙididdige yawansu ba. Sun yaƙi Ƙasar Hausa tun daga Dutse har zuwa Gobir. Kuma sun yi galaba a kan manya-manyan Masarautun Ƙasar Hausa da suka haɗa da Kano, Katsina da kuma Zazzau.
Jukunawa ko Kwararrafa, sun yi yaƙi na tsawon shekaru 72 da wasu daga cikin Garuruwan Hausa. An fara yaƙin tun zamanin Aku-Uka Angyu Katakpa daga shekarar 1599 har zuwa waɗanda suka biyo bayansa a shekarar 1671, zamanin Aku-Uka Daju. Sannan kuma sun yaƙi Daular Borno a shekarar 1680 sun kuma yi galaba a kanta. Akwai wannan magana a cikin Littafin Tarihin Rayuwar (Dr.) Shekarau Angyu Masa-Ibi, Kuvyon II, wanda aka wallafa a shekarar 2016.
Wannan labari na yaƙuƙuwan Jukunawa da manyan Masarautun Ƙasar Hausa ya zo a wasu Littattafan Tarihi da dama. Daga ciki akwai Marigayi Mai Martaba Sarkin Dutse, Nuhu Muhammadu Sanusi da ya labarta rasuwar Sarkin Dutse na 13, Mantau Jarmai Babba cewa: “Ya mutu a yaƙin Kwararrafa tare da wasu mutane masu yawa waɗanda suka tafi yaƙin tare da shi.”
Haka nan kuma, NNPC (2007), sun labarta cewa, Kwararrafa ta yaƙi Kano a zamanin Sarkin Kano na 27, Muhammadu Zaki Ɗan Kiske (1582 – 1618). Sun kuma sake yaƙar Garin na Kano a karo na biyu zamanin Sarkin Kano na 34, Muhammadu Kukuna (1652 – 1660). Sannan kuma suka sake komowa a karo na huɗu zamanin Sarkin Kano na 36, Daɗi Ɗan Bawa (1670 – 1703). A dukkan waɗannan yaƙuƙuwa guda uku da aka ambata, ruwayar ta nuna an galabci Kano ne matuƙar galaba ta in da har ta kai ga Sarakunan na Kano sun gudu sun bar Garin.
A ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan yaƙuƙuwa ne su Kwararrafawa suka ja wa Sarkin Kano kunne cikin harshensu na Jukunanci da cewa “Iri ya Kasen,” wanda daga baya aka jirkita shi ya zama sunan wata unguwa a garin na Kano mai suna Yakasai. Ma’anar waccar kalma ta Jukunawa ita ce; “Za mu dawo.”
Haka nan kuma, akwai wata Unguwa a cikin Birnin Zazzau mai suna Tudun Jukun, wacce ake dangata ta da share-wuri-zauna da su Jukunawan suka yi bayan sun ci Birnin na Zazzau da yaƙi.
Babbar manufar Kwararrafa ta yin waɗancan yaƙuƙuwa ita ce, tabbatar da adalci ba faɗaɗa Daula ba. Ga abin da Aku-Uka ya faɗi a cikin Littafin tarihinsa: “Ya kamata a san cewa, Jukunawa ba su yaƙi biranen Ƙasar Hausa da manufar gudanar da Mulkin-Mallaka na har abada ba, sai don su nuna musu cewa akwai Maza bisa kansu” Adamu (2016).
Sannan kuma ya ci gaba da cewa, “Iya tsawon tarihin yaƙuƙuwan da kakanninmu suka yi da Ƙasar Hausa, ba su taɓa kwasar Ganima daga can Ƙasar Hausa sun zo da ita matsugunninsu da yake ƙasan Kogin Binuwai ba.”
A bisa waɗannan hujjoji za mu taƙaita rubutun da cewa, lallai Tarihi ya nuna an yi waɗannan yaƙuƙuwa, kuma daga cikin abubuwan da suka faru, za mu iya fahimtar gaskiyar maganar zamowar Jukunawa mutane Jarumai masu dabarar yaƙi.
Yawan Jama’a
Duk da ba wani cikakken ƙayadadden adadin yawan Jama’ar Jukunawa, amma dai ana hasashen yawansu ya haura miliyan biyu da rabi (Shishi, 2014).
Tun da fari, garin Wukari an kafa shi ne Unguwa-unguwa, wanda kuma kowace Unguwa mazauna cikinta kusan zuriya guda ce. daga cikin irin wannan Unguwanni akwai Go-Ndoku, wacce ke nufin ‘Gidan Sarki ko Fadar Sarki.’ Sai kuma wasu unguwannin da suka haɗa da: Kinda Kuvyo, Adikyu-Gashi, Ndo Abonta, Kwanse, Ndo-Nwugye, Tsupando, da sauransu (Adamu, 2016).
Gari ne wanda ke kewaye da Ganuwa da kuma Ƙofofi guda bakwai duk da cewa a yanzu, Ƙofar Arewa ce kaɗai ta saura da jama’a ke amfani da ita; wacce kuma a zamanin baya, mafita ce ta gawarwakin jinin sarauta. Haka nan kuma, a tsakiyar garin akwai tsohuwar kasuwar da tun da aka kafa garin take.
Sahun farko na sauran yarurruka mazauna wannan Gari na Wukari akwai Gobirawa, waɗanda kasuwanci ya kai su garin kuma suke zaune kusa da Fadar Sarki, wanda har ta kai ga shugabansu mai suna ‘Maiwuya‘ ya auri ƴar Sarkin Wukari na wancan lokacin, abin da ya ba shi damar da aka yi masa ‘Sarkin Kasuwar Wukari, wanda ke da alhakin tattara Haraji.
Haka nan kuma a shekarar 1932, a zamanin Aku Amadu Agbumanu, wasu jama’a daga Sakkwato sun ƙaura zuwa Wukari, biyo bayan tuɓe Sarkin Musulmi Muhammadu Tambari da aka yi, wanda kuma ya yi Gudun Hijira zuwa garin na Wukari, in da a can ya rasu kuma aka binne shi a can. A yanzu haka sauran zuriyarsa su na zaune a wannan gari na Wukari a wata Unguwa da ake kira Unguwar Sakkwato wacce ke daura da Akata.
Bayan zamowar wannan Gari na Wukari Hedikwatar Masarautar Jukunawa, shi ne kuma Hedikwatar Ƙaramar Hukumar Wukari a ƙarƙashin Jihar Taraba. Yanzu haka wannan Gari ya na da ci gaban da har ta kai ga ya na da Jam’o’i guda uku da kuma sauran manya da ƙananan Makarantu.
Daga farkon kafa wannan Gari zuwa yau, Sarakuna 24 ne suka shugabance shi. na farkonsu shi ne Angyu Katakpa (1596 – 1615), sai kuma na ƙarshe wanda har yanzu yake kai, Manu Ishaku Adda Ali (2022 zuwa yau).
Aku-Uka Manu Ishaku Adda Ali.
Har ila yau, Jukunawa su na zaune cikin garuruwa da dama a jihohin Taraba, Binuwai, Nassarawa, Kano, Kaduna, Katsina, Filato, Adamawa, Gombe da sauran wasu garuruwan a wasu jihohin da yawansu ya kai kusan jihohi 22 a Najeriya da kuma wani yanki na Arewa maso yammacin Ƙasar Kamaru (North Western Cameroon).
AL’ADU
Daga cikin manya-manyan al’adun Jukunawa, akwai al’ada mai suna ‘Ukenho,’ wacce ake gudanar da ita a ƙarshen shekara. Sannan kuma akwai ‘Ungu,’ da sauransu.
ZAƁEN SARKIN JUKANAWA
A al’adance, idan aka samu gurbi a Fadar Jukunawa, sakamakon mutuwa ko wani dalili na daban, Dattawa masu zaɓen Sarki za su bayar da umarni ga Gidajen Sarautar Jukunawa guda biyu; wato zuriyar Bagya da ta Bama, cewa su fitar da sunayen waɗanda suke ganin su suka cancanta su nemi wannan kujera ta Sarautar Jukunawa. Idan suka samu waɗannan sunaye, sai kuma su bi matakan da aka saba da su wajen zaɓe da kuma naɗin sabon Sarki kamar haka:
DAREN LITININ
Matakin farko daga cikin jerin matakan da Dattawan Jukunawa ke bi wajen zaɓen sabon Sarki shi ne, kwana a garin Adi Bakundi a Daren Litinin da su masu neman kujerar suke yi. A wannan mataki ana umartar dukkan masu sha’awar neman wannan kujera ta Aku-Uka su fita daga Garin Wukari zuwa garin Adi Bakundi a Daren Litinin, su kwana a can.
ZAƁE
Bayan an kwana ɗaya a Adi Bakundi, sai kuma a ayyana wata rana guda ɗaya da za a yi zaɓen sarkin a cikinta. Idan ranar ta zo, sai su waɗannan ƴan takara da suka kwana a Adi Bakundi su rankaya zuwa wani wuri da ake kira ‘Avi.’
A wannan wuri dukkan ƴan takarar za su yi shigar fararen kaya (Zani da hula). Wannan shiga ana kiranta da Nbufyo a harshen Jukunanci. Bayan sun yi wannan shiga sai kuma a zaɓi ɗaya daga cikinsu bisa la’akari da waɗannan siffofin da za a zayyana.
Babban abin da Dattawa masu zaɓen Sarkin Jukun suke lura da shi, shi ne halaye na gari waɗanda dama tun samartakar ƴaƴan Sarki ake lura da waɗannan halaye tare da su. Daga ciki akwai:
- Kawo arziƙi da wadata a dukkan faɗin ƙasar Jukun: Dattawan su na lura da cewa, dukkan Ɗansarki da za a zaɓa zai kawo ƙaruwar arziƙi da wadata ta hanyar samun Damina mai yawan ruwan da zai samar da Kaka mai albarka, zaman lafiya, haɗin kai da kuma kwanciyar hankali.
- Sannan Ɗansarkin ya zamo mai gujewa aikata laifuffuka.
- Ya zamo mai girmama na gaba da shi.
- Ya zamo mai tattali da kuma kiyaye shigar al’ada ta Sarauta.
- Ya zamo mai kyawawan halayen da za su zama abin koyi a rayuwarsa ta Sarauta da kuma ɗaiɗaiku.
Idan suka laluba suka tabbatar da waɗannan halaye a tare da ɗaya daga cikinsu, wanda dama kamar yadda aka ambata tun samartakarsu ake lura da su, to sai a ayyana shi a matsayin zaɓaɓɓen ‘Aku-Uka.’
Daga nan kuma sai abubuwa su ci gaba kamar haka:
ZIYARAR ƊAKIN BAUTA
Bayan an zaɓi sabon Aku-Uka, sai kuma ya yi shigar ‘Baƙaƙen Kaya’ shi kaɗai. Zai ɗaura Baƙin Zani sannan ya sanya Baƙar Hula. Sai kuma ya shiga Ɗaki mai tsarki da ake kira ‘Kunvyi‘ a Jukunanci.
ZAƁEN SUNA
Bayan zaman sabon Aku-Uka a Ɗaki mai Tsarki, sai kuma ya hau Farin Doki daga Garin Avyi ya tafi Kuntsa. A wannan Gari na Kuntsa ne zai zauna a kan fatar Damisa, a kawo masa sunayen da sai Aku-Uka ne kaɗai yake amsa su, ya zaɓi guda ɗaya daga ciki.
Sunayen su ne: Agbumanu, Awudumanu, Ahumanu, da kuma Kuvyon.
Kuntsa, suna ne na babban shugaba mai tsarki, wanda yake bai wa Aku-Uka waɗancan sunaye ya zaɓi ɗaya daga ciki, sannan kuma bayan ya zaɓa ya damƙa masa kayayyakin sirrin Sarauta (Kamar a ce tagwayen masu da ake bayar wa a Kano), waɗanda mai riƙe da su shi ne Sarki.
ZAƁEN MATA
A bisa al’adar Jukunawa, zaɓaɓɓen Sabon Sarki ya na gadar ɗaya daga cikin matan tsohon sarkin da ya gada idan har mutuwa ya yi. Wannan al’ada kuma ana gudanar da ita a Garin Puje. Wannan mata ita ake kira ‘Wakuku.’
Saboda haka, bayan an kammala dukkanin ayyukan al’ada da ya kamata a yi a Kuntsa, sai kuma Sarki da tawagarsa su zarce zuwa Puje, a nan za a fito masa da matan tsohon sarkin ya zaɓi guda ɗaya daga ciki wacce za ta zamar masa Uwar-gida.
Hikimarsu ta yin wannan al’ada ita ce; ita wannan Mata ta tsohon Sarki, ta ri ga ta zauna a Gidan Sarauta tare da Tsohon Sarki, saboda haka ta koyi zama da Sarki, su kuma Matan Sabon Sarkin da za su shigo ba su da wannan gogayya, saboda haka, ita sai ta koyar da su yadda ake kula da Sarki, da kuma zaman Gidan Sarauta.
SHIGA FADA
Mataki na ƙarshe a jerin abubuwan da ake yi a zaɓen Sarkin Jukunawa shi ne, shigar Sarki Fada. Bayan Sarki ya zaɓi Mata daga cikin Matan Tsohon Sarki, sai Matar ta kintsa kayanta ta baro Puje zuwa Wukari, idan ta zo ita za ta tarbi Sarki tare da sauran masu riƙe da Sarautun Gargajiya na Jukunawa a wani bigire da ake kira ‘Afyin Acio.’
Daga nan kuma sai sabon Aku-Uka ya zarce zuwa wani wajen bauta domin gudanar da ziyarar ban girma ga Allansu mai suna ‘Yaku.’ Shi Yaku, shi ne Allan da yake bai wa Jukunawa kariya a lokutan yunwa da kuma annoba.
Bayan an kammala wannan ziyarar ban girma, sai kuma sabon Aku-Uka ya shiga Fadarsa ta Mulki da take a Babban Birnin Jukunawa wato ‘Wukari.’
Wannan shi ne abin da aka saba da shi a tsarin naɗin Sarautar Jukanawa a bisa turbar kaka-da-kakanni.
BAYAN ZUWAN TURAWA
Da Bature ya zo ya kafa mulkinsa na mallaka a wannan Ƙasa ta Najeriya, sai yanayi da tsarin yadda ake gudanar da zaɓe da naɗin Sarakuna ya sauya. Wannan sauyi ya shafi Jukunawa.
Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Najeriya yanzu ya bai wa Gwamnan Jiha damar amincewa da kuma watsi da sunan sarkin da masu zaɓen sabon Sarki suka miƙa masa. Saboda haka, sai aka samu ƙarin matakai guda biyu a bisa yadda aka saba, da farko akwai miƙa sunan sarkin ga Gwamnatin Jiha domin tantancewa da zarar an zaɓa, sai kuma naɗi bayan an kammala gudanar da waɗancan al’adu da aka ambata a sama.
Idan masu zaɓen sabon Uka-Uka suka zaɓe shi, to za su tura sunan zuwa ga Gwamnan Jihar Taraba ke nan a yau. Idan Gwamnan ya karɓi wannan suna, shi ke nan sai a ci gaba da gudanar da waɗancan al’adu da aka ambata a sama.
Sai kuma, mataƙi na ƙarshe da ya taɓa wancan tsohon tsari wanda shi ne na naɗi. Bayan an kammala dukkan waɗancan shagulgula, sai kuma gwamna ya zo ya rantsar da Sarki a Fadarsa.
Waɗannan su ne abubuwa biyu da suka shigo cikin sabgar zaɓe da naɗin sabon Sarki wato ‘Aku-Uka‘ a Ƙasar Jukunawa.
MAJALISAR SARKIN JUKUNAWA
Fadar Masarautar Wukari.
Majalisar Sarki; wato Majalisar Aku-Uka, Majalisa ce da ta ƙunshe da mutane guda biyar; shi Aku-Uka (Sarki) kansa, Abon Acio (Waziri), Abon Ziken (Galadima), Kinda Acio (Sarkin Gida) da kuma Kinda Ziken (Sarkin Bai).
- Aku-Uka: Shi ne kankat a Masarautar Jukun. Matsayinsa ne sama da kowane muƙami. Shi ne mai shiga tsakanin Allolin Jukunawa da kuma sauran al’ummar Jukunawa. Shi kaɗai yake iya magana da Allolin Jukunawa sannan ya sanar da mabiya abin da ya dace.
- Abon Acio (Waziri): Shi yake da ikon gudanar da duk wani aiki da Aku-Uka zai yi matuƙar Aku-Uka ɗin ba ya nan ko kuma ya na halin rashin lafiyar da za ta hana shi gudanar da Fada. Sannan shi ke bai wa Sarki shawara a harkokin al’adu da kuma al’amuran yau-da-kullum. Ya na da damar gudanar da shari’ar da ta shafi Auratayya kai-tsaye ba tare da ya tuntuɓi Sarki ba. Amma kuma duk da haka, Waziri ba ya gadon kujerar Aku-Uka.
- Abon Ziken (Galadima): Galadima shi ne mataimakin Waziri, sannan kuma mai gadon kujerarsa da zarar babu kowa a kanta. Ya na taimaka wa Waziri wajen gudanar da ayyukan da suka shafi Sarauta.
- Kinda Acio (Sarkin gida): Shi ne mai kula da al’amuran cikin Gidan Aku-Uka. Ya na kuma aiwatar da wasu ayyukan na fannin Sarauta, sannan kuma ya na da mataimaka masu riƙe da ƙananan muƙaman Sarauta.
- Kinda Ziken (Sarkin Bai): Shi ne shugaban masu riƙe da ƙananan muƙaman Sarauta.
SARAKUNAN JUKUNAWA
Sarakunan Farko (Kafin 1833 – tarihin baka)
- Angyu Katakpa Agbukenjo (1596–1607)
- Agwabi Agbukenjo (bayan Katakpa, ƙarni na 17)
Waɗannan sunayen biyu ne suka fi fitowa a tarihi; sauran sarakunan da suka biyo baya kafin 1833, babu wasu cikakkun bayanai masu madogara, ana samun su ne a al’adun Baka na Jukun
Sarakunan Zamani (1833 zuwa yau)
- Zikenyu Tsokwa Tasefu (1833–1845)
- Agbumanu I Agbu (1845–1860)
- Ashumanu II Jibo Kindonya (1860–1871)
- Awudumanu I Abite (1871–1903)
- Agbumanu II Agbunshu (1903–1915)
- Ashumanu III Ali (1915–1927)
- Agbumanu III Amadu (1927–1940)
- Ashumanu IV Angyu Masa Ibi (1940–1945)
- Agbumanu IV Atoshi (1945–1960)
- Ashumanu V Adi Byewi (1960–1970)
- Awudumanu II Abe Ali (1970–1974)
- Agbumanu V Adda Ali (1974–1976)
- Shekarau Angyu Masa-Ibi Kuvyon II (1976–2021)
- Manu Ishaku Adda Ali (2022–yanzu)
MADOGARA
- Wikipedia
- Rumbunilimi
- Adamu Ɗ. A. (2016). Shekarau Angyu Masa-Ibi, An Autobiography of the 24th Aku-Uka, as Told to Ɗanjuma A. Adamu. An buga a Able Productions tare da haɗin Guiwar Animation Books.
- Oluyede I.O. (1996). Shaped by Destiny, A Biography of (Dr.) Shekarau Angyu Masa-Ibi, Kuvyo II, The Aku Uka of Wukari. University of Ilorin.
- Tattaunawa da (Dr.) Shekarau Angyu, Masa-Ibi, Kuvyo II, Aku Uka na Wukari, a ranar Asabar 19/08/2017, a Fadarsa da ke Wukari.
- David M.A. (2013). Ebira Youth Forum Association (E.Y.F.A). An ciro a shekarar 2016, daga shafin: http://ebirayouthforumassociation.blogspot.com.ng /2013/05/history-of-ebira-people.html.
- Dawuda G.A. (2011). Are The Jukuns Jews? Nigerian Masterweb Citizen News. An ciro a shekarar 2016, daga shafin:http://nigeriamasterweb.com/blog/index.php/2011/06/ 04/are-nigeria-s-jukuns-jews.
- Mac-Leva F. (2009). Nigeria: How Giant Crocodiles Guided Jukun to Kwararafa. Daily Trust. An ciro a chekarar 2016, daga shafi: http://allafrica.com/stories/200906240052.html Northern Nigerian Publishing Company. (1970). Hausawa da Maƙwabtansu, Littafi na Biyu. Northern Nigerian Publishing Company, Zariya – Najeriya.
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- Sanusi N. M. (2009). Stories of Dutse Palace 1421 – 2009. An buga wannan littafi a maɗaba’ar jihar Jigawa.
- Ujorha T. (2012). Did the Jukun originate from Egypt? Daily Trust. An ciro a shekarar 2016, daga shafin:http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/weekly/index.php/feature s/1058-did-the-Jukun-originate-from-égypt.
- Boumo E. (2011). Factoring Inter-Group Relations In The Lower Benue Valley To Circa 1900 A.D. Department of History, Benue State University Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. African Journal of Arts and Cultural Studies Volume 4, Number 2, 2011.
- Dinslage S. and Leger R. (1996). Language And Migration The Impact Of The Jukun On Chadic Speaking Groups In The Benue-Gongola Basin. Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs 268, Band 8, Frankfurt a. M. 1996: 67-75.
- Edo V. O. (2008). The Evolution and Development of Central Administration in Ebiraland, 1920-1997. An ciro a shekarar 2016, daga shafin: http://www.nobleworld.biz/images/Edo.pdf.
- Okpeh O.O. da Ochefu Y.A. (Babu Lokacin Bugu). The Idoma Ethnic Group: A Historical And Cultural Setting.
